| Gene Symbol | AP2A1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 160 |
| Alt Symbol | ADTAA, AP2-ALPHA, CLAPA1 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1 subunit |
| Other Description | 100 kDa coated vesicle protein A|AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1|adapter-related protein complex 2 alpha-1 subunit|adapter-related protein complex 2 subunit alpha-1|adaptin, alpha A|adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit alpha-1|adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit alpha-1|alpha-adaptin A|alpha1-adaptin|clathrin assembly protein complex 2 alpha-A large chain|clathrin-associated/assembly/adaptor protein, large, alpha 1|plasma membrane adaptor HA2/AP2 adaptin alpha A subunit |
| Swissprots | Q96PP7 Q96PP6 O95782 Q9H070 Q96CI7 |
| Accessions | AAD15564 AAL11039 AAL11040 EAW52535 EAW52536 EAW52537 O95782 AK090661 AK094317 BAC04329 AK096757 AK124343 AK302005 BAG63408 AL136925 CAB66859 BC014214 AAH14214 DQ892253 ABM83179 DQ895454 ABM86380 XM_011526556 XP_011524858 XM_011526557 XP_011524859 NM_014203 NP_055018 NM_130787 NP_570603 |
| Function | Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin- coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to p |
| Subcellular Location | Cell membrane {ECO:0000250}. Membrane, coated pit {ECO:0000250}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000250}; Cytoplasmic side {ECO:0000250}. Note=AP-2 appears to be excluded from internalizing CCVs and to disengage from sites of endocytosis seconds before internalization of the nascent CCV. {ECO:0000250}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Isoform A expressed in forebrain, skeletal muscle, spinal cord, cerebellum, salivary gland, heart and colon. Isoform B is widely expressed in tissues and also in breast cancer and in prostate carcinoma cells. |
| Top Pathways | Huntington's disease, Endocytosis, Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption, Synaptic vesicle cycle |