| Gene Symbol | PER1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 5187 |
| Alt Symbol | PER, RIGUI, hPER |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | period circadian clock 1 |
| Other Description | Period, drosophila, homolog of|circadian clock protein PERIOD 1|circadian pacemaker protein RIGUI|hPER1|period circadian protein homolog 1|period homolog 1 |
| Swissprots | B4DI49 B2RPA8 O15534 D3DTR3 |
| Accessions | AAF15544 AAG01149 ABM64215 BAA94085 EAW90088 EAW90089 EAW90090 EAW90091 O15534 AB002107 BAA22633 AB088477 BAC06326 AF022991 AAC51765 AI952483 AK291061 BAF83750 AK295410 BAG58361 BC028207 BC072458 AAH72458 BC137346 AAI37347 BC144593 BC150151 DA411574 DA835861 XM_005256689 XP_005256746 XM_005256690 XP_005256747 NM_002616 NP_002607 |
| Function | Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time- keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and |
| Subcellular Location | Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is effected by interaction with other circadian core oscillator proteins and/or by phosphorylation. Retention of PER1 in the cytoplasm occurs through PER1-PER2 heterodimer formation. Translocate to the nucleus after phosphorylation by CSNK1D or CSNK1E. Also translocated to the nucleus by CRY1 or CRY2 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Widely expressed. Expressed in hair follicles (at protein level).Found in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, kidney, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary and small intestine. Highest level in skeletal muscle. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14750904, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24005054, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9333243, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9427249}. |
| Top Pathways | Circadian rhythm, Herpes simplex infection, Circadian entrainment |