CDK5
| Gene Symbol | CDK5 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 1020 |
| Alt Symbol | PSSALRE |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | cyclin-dependent kinase 5 |
| Other Description | TPKII catalytic subunit|cell division protein kinase 5|cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5|protein kinase CDK5 splicing|serine/threonine-protein kinase PSSALRE|tau protein kinase II catalytic subunit |
| Swissprots | A1XKG3 Q00535 |
| Accessions | EAL24498 EAW54049 EAW54050 EAW54051 Q00535 AK026533 AY049778 AAL15435 AY927560 BC005115 AAH05115 BP309068 BT006680 AAP35326 BU527089 CA429180 CB114175 CR457041 CAG33322 DB487008 DQ411039 ABD66016 L04658 X66364 CAA47007 NM_001164410 NP_001157882 NM_004935 NP_004926 |
| Function | Proline-directed serine/threonine-protein kinase essential for neuronal cell cycle arrest and differentiation and may be involved in apoptotic cell death in neuronal diseases by triggering abortive cell cycle re-entry. Interacts with D1 and D3- type G1 cyclins. Phosphorylates SRC, NOS3, VIM/vimentin, p35/CDK5R1, MEF2A, SIPA1L1, SH3GLB1, PXN, PAK1, MCAM/MUC18, SEPT5, SYN1, DNM1, AMPH, SYNJ1, CDK16, RAC1, RHOA, CDC42, TONEBP/NFAT5, MAPT/TAU, MAP1B, histone H1, p53/TP53, HDAC1, APEX1, PTK2/FAK1, huntingtin/HTT, ATM, MAP2, NEFH and NEFM. Regulates several neuronal development and physiological processes including neuronal survival, migration and differentiation, axonal and neurite growth, synaptogenesis, oligodendrocyte differentiation, synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission, by phosphorylating key proteins. Activated by interaction with CDK5R1 (p35) and CDK5R2 (p39), especially in post-mitotic neurons, and promotes CDK5R1 (p35) expression in an autostimulation loop. Phosphorylates many |
| Subcellular Location | Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Perikaryon. Cell projection, lamellipodium {ECO:0000250}. Cell projection, growth cone {ECO:0000250}. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane, postsynaptic density {ECO:0000250}. Note=In axonal growth cone with extension to the peripheral lamellipodia (By similarity). Under neurotoxic stress and neuronal injury conditions, CDK5R (p35) is cleaved by calpain to generate CDK5R1 (p25) in response to increased intracellular calcium. The elevated level of p25, when in complex with CDK5, leads to its subcellular misallocation as well as its hyperactivation. Colocalizes with CTNND2 in the cell body of neuronal cells, and with CTNNB1 in the cell-cell contacts and plasma membrane of undifferentiated and differentiated neuroblastoma cells. Reversibly attached to the plasma membrane in an inactive form when complexed to dephosphorylated p35 or CDK5R2 (p39), p35 phosphorylation releases this attachment and activates CDK5. |
| Tissue Specificity | Isoform 1 is ubiquitously expressed. Accumulates in cortical neurons (at protein level). Isoform 2 has only been detected in testis, skeletal muscle, colon, bone marrow and ovary. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17009320, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19693690}. |
| Top Pathways | Axon guidance, Alzheimer's disease, Cocaine addiction |
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